CASE Study
A 37-year old male patient visited outpatient clinic, with complaints of gradual cognitive decline which had started 3 years earlier. Working as an industrial researcher, he started to make serious calculation mistakes that made him quit the job and began working as a manager in a company. However, his frequent forgetfulness, along with aggravation in recent memory impairments hampered him from fulfilling his duties, making him change jobs frequently. Apraxia and apathy had started 2 years before his visit to our clinic, and disorientation to time and person was worsened to a degree which it became impossible to commute daily between his workplace and home. At time of his visit to our clinic, not only he was fired from his recent job, but also he needed frequent reminder from his family to maintain hygiene. His sleep disturbance became prominent, frequently waking up middle of the night self-talking.
Before his visit to our clinic, he had visited two hospitals for evaluation and management of his symptoms, but to no avail. For a thorough examination of his symptoms, he was immediately admitted to our psychiatric ward. His laboratory findings did not reveal any abnormalities, and his tests for human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis all turned out to be negative. Upon his psychiatric admission, a neuropsychological test battery was implemented to evaluate the patient’s cognitive status. He scored 22 in Mini-mental status examination, 1 in Clinical dementia rating scale (CDR),10 and 4.5 in Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Box score(CDR-SB).11 In his cognitive tests, in contrast to his relatively preserved language function, he displayed serious impairments in free recall, 20-minute delayed recall and recognition.
1-Explain the possible diagnosis of this patient
2- Clarify about the most appropriate nursing interventions and some pharmacological treatment.
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